Chemical elements explained to the laypersonĪll matter directly perceptible by the human senses - whether solid, liquid or gas - is composed of one or more elements. Furthermore there exist a number of artificial, short-lived, radioactive, chemical elements that are made in the laboratory.Ī periodic table of elements, with rows and columns containing elements which exhibit similar properties, can be found here. There are 94 naturally occurring chemical elements on Earth they are listed in tables at the end of this article. Examples of chemical elements are: oxygen ( Z = 8), copper ( Z = 29), gold ( Z = 79), and mercury ( Z = 80). In other words, the atomic number Z-the number of protons in the nucleus-labels uniquely each species of atom (chemical element). The total charge of an atomic nucleus, i.e., its number of protons, is referred to as the atomic number of the element, symbolized by Z. An atomic nucleus contains a number of positive elementary charges, named protons. The distinguishing characteristic of an atomic species is the magnitude of its nuclear charge. In chemistry, the term chemical element refers to species, or types, of atoms.
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